A Study to assess the Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme on Knowledge Regarding Polycystic Ovarian Disease among Adolescent Girls in Selected Colleges in Mysuru
Prof. Sheela Williams1, Mrs. Lissa J2, Mrs. Saraswathi. K. N3
1Principal, JSS College of Nursing, Mysore
2,3Assistant Professor, JSS College of Nursing, Mysore
*Corresponding Author Email:
ABSTRACT:
BACKGRUOND: Adolescents - young people between the age of 12 and 19 years are often thought of as healthy group. It is the transition stage between childhood and adolescent. The impact of modernization and technological ascertainment reflects in daily life. The unhealthy eating habits and lack of exercise leads to many disease in adolescents as polycystic ovarian syndrome. Polycystic ovarian syndrome is a common health problem which increases in adolescent girls and young women during the reproductive years. The term polycystic means many cysts and polycystic ovarian syndrome gets its name because of clusters of small, pearls size cysts in ovaries. The cysts are fluid filled bubbles that contain eggs that have not get been released because of hormonal imbalance. The aim of the study A study to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge regarding polycystic ovarian syndrome among adolescent girls in JSS Women’s College at Mysuru OBJECTIVES 1. To assess the knowledge regarding polycystic ovarian syndrome among adolescent girls before and after structured teaching programme. 2. To assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge regarding polycystic ovarian syndrome among adolescent girls. 3. To find out the association between pre-test knowledge of adolescent girls regarding polycystic ovarian syndrome with selected demographic variable. METHODS In this study, one group is pre test and other post test, pre-experimental design was used and non probability convenient sampling technique was adopted to select adolescent girls in JSS Women’s College Mysuru. Pilot study was conducted, the tool and study design were found to be feasible. Data were collected using a structured knowledge questionnaire. Structure teaching programme were given to the adolescent girls. The data were collected and analyse using descriptive and inferential statistics RESULT ;The result of the study reveal that the significance of difference between the mean pre test and mean post test scores which was statistically tested using paired ‘t’ test. The mean difference between the mean pre test and mean post test knowledge scores was 2.5 with standard deviation difference ±0.5. the paired ‘t’ test (59)=11.6 which was found to be highly significant at 0.05 level of significance. The result also shows that the knowledge score of adolescent girls had no significant association with their selected demographic variables expect for monthly income, known case of PCOD and previous source of information. CONCLUSION There for, the study concluded that the administration of structured teaching programme was an effective method of improve the knowledge of adolescent girls regarding PCOD.
KEYWORDS: Knowledge, polycystic ovarian syndrome , adolescent girls
INTRODUCTION:
Adolescents - young people between the age of 12 and 19 years are often thought of as healthy group. It is the transition stage between childhood and adolescent. The impact of modernization and technological ascertainment reflects in daily life. The unhealthy eating habits and lack of exercise leads to many disease in adolescents as polycystic ovarian syndrome.1
Polycystic ovarian syndrome is a common health problem which increases in adolescent girls and young women during the reproductive years. The term polycystic means many cysts and polycystic ovarian syndrome gets its name because of clusters of small, pearls size cysts in ovaries. The cysts are fluid filled bubbles that contain eggs that have not get been released because of hormonal imbalance.3
By accruing knowledge regarding PCOD, its causes, preventive measures and management in adolescent girls will be able to improve their life style pattern.
NEED FOR THE STUDY:
According to 2011 report there are 600 million adolescent girls that stand at the crossroad between child hood and adult world. As India is having the largest population of adolescent around 243 million lives in India. Among these population 18% of adolescent girls lives in Karnataka2.
PCOD is a common problem among teen girls and young girls. Infactamong100% of girls 10% of girls have polycystic ovarian syndrome. The common features of normal puberty in adolescent are menstrual irregularity and insulin resistance2.
PCOD is sometimes inheritable as it is influenced by genes. It is more likely to develop. If there is a family history of diabetes. It is also seen if mother or close relatives are having PCOD.4
The investigation felt that as the adolescent have poor knowledge and negative life style attitude towards PCOD. A STP will be helpful for them to acquire knowledge regarding PCOD, its causes, management and also help them to change the lifestyle.
The exact prevalence of PCOD is not known as the syndrome not defined precisely. The estimated prevalence in women of reproductive age is 5-10%. Globally, prevalence estimates of PCOD are highly variable ranging from 22 % to as high as 26%. Prevalence among general female population in India will raise up to 10% mainly among 15-18 years3.
OBJECTIVES:
1. To assess the knowledge regarding polycystic ovarian syndrome among adolescent girls before and after structured teaching programme.
2. To assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge regarding polycystic ovarian syndrome among adolescent girls.
3. To find out the association between pre-test knowledge of adolescent girls regarding polycystic ovarian syndrome with selected demographic variable.
METHADOLOGYAND DATA COLLECTION PROCEDURE:
An experimental research approach was used for the study. The study was conducted in selected college of Mysuru. The institution and sample from this selected institution were selected using non probability convenient sampling technique. The sample consists of 60 adolescent girls.
The tools used for data collection were selected demographic variables, structured knowledge questionnaire. Through the review of literature, the structured knowledge questionnaire was prepares for the present study. The tool consist of 30 question related to knowledge regarding PCOD there were 3 alternative answer for each question among which one is correct answer the total knowledge score ranging from 0 – 30.
RESEARCH APPROCH:
The evaluative approach is used in this study. The main objective of the study to assess the effectiveness of PCOD among adolescent girls.
RESEARCH ESIGN:
Research design selected for the study is one pre experimental, one group pre test post test design
VARIABLES OF THE STUDY:
Independent variable: structured teaching programme.
Dependent variable: knowledge of adolescent girls regarding PCOD
SETTING OF THE Study:
Setting of the study is JSS Women college Mysuru.\
POPULATION:
Population is the entire aggregation of cases in which the researcher is increases. In the present study population comprises of adolescent girls studying in JSS women’s college.
SAMPLE AND SAMPLING:
Sample of a subset of population selected to participate in a research study. The sample for the present consist of 60 adolescent girls studying in JSS women’scollege.
SAMPLING TECHNIQUE:
Non probability convenience sampling technique was used in present study.
INSTRUMENTS USED FOR STUDY:
Selection and development of study tools:
A structured knowledge questionnaire was prepared to collect the data to achieve the objectives of the study based on review of literature and consultation with experts. A thorough review of literature from journals, articles, published and unpublished research studies helped the researcher to develop the tools. The instruments for the study consists of:
· Personal profile to collect the sample’s demographic variables.
· Structured knowledge questionnaire to assess the knowledge of adolescent girls regarding PCOD.
PERSONAL PROFILE:
age, education, religion, type of family, monthly income, type of diet, residence, age at menarche, characteristics of menstruation, known case of PCOD and previous source of information.
Structured Knowledge Questionnaire:
Through the review of literature, the structured knowledge questionnaire was prepared for the present study. The tool consists of 30 items regarding PCOD. There were 3 alternative responses for each items and each correct response given by the participant was awarded a score of one. The total knowledge score ranges from 0 to 30. The score is further divided arbitrarily as follows: poor knowledge (1- 10), average knowledge (11- 20), good knowledge (21- 30).
RESULT:
SECTION 1:
Table 1 frequency and Percentage (%) Distribution of Adolescent girls According to their selected demographic variables. N= 60
|
Demographic variables |
Frequency |
Percentage(%) |
|
1. Age 1.1) 17 years |
60 |
100 |
|
1.2) 18 /19 years |
0 |
0 |
|
2. Education 2.1) 1st year PUC |
60 |
100 |
|
2.2) 2nd year PUC |
0 |
0 |
|
3. Religion 3.1) Hindu |
60 |
100 |
|
3.2) Christian or Others |
0 |
0 |
|
4. Type of family 4.1) Nuclear |
51 |
85 |
|
4.2) Joint or Extended |
9 |
15 |
|
5. Monthly income 5.1) 5000-20000 |
53 |
88.3 |
|
5.2) Above 20000 |
7 |
11.7 |
|
6. Type of diet 6.1) Vegetarian |
43 |
71.7 |
|
6.2) Non vegetarian or Mixed |
17 |
28.3 |
|
7. Residence 7.1) Urban |
21 |
35 |
|
7.2) Rural |
39 |
65 |
|
8. Age of menarche 8.1) 10-14 |
45 |
75 |
|
8.2) 14-16 |
15 |
25 |
|
9. Characteristic of menstruation 9.1) Regular |
47 |
78.3 |
|
9.2) Irregular |
13 |
21.7 |
|
10. Known case of PCOD 10.1) Yes |
9 |
15 |
|
10.2) No |
51 |
85 |
|
11. Previous source of information 11.1) Mass media or Friends |
13 |
21.7 |
|
11.2) No information |
47 |
78.3 |
SECTION 2 EFFECTIVENESS OF STRUCTURED TEACHING PROGRAMME:
PART 1:
1: Description of adolescent girls knowledge regarding PCOD
The pre test and post test knowledge scores obtained by subjects were tabulated to a master data sheet and mean, median, range, standard deviation of pre test and post test were computed. The findings are presented in table 2.
TABLE 2 Mean, median, range, standard deviation of pre-test and post-test knowledge scores of adolescent girls regarding PCOD. n= 60
|
TEST |
MEAN |
MEDIAN |
RANGE |
SD |
|
Pre test |
15.2 |
15 |
9-22 |
3.7 |
|
Post test |
17.8 |
26 |
14-26 |
4.2 |
Data presented in table 2 shows that the pre-test knowledge scores ranged from 9-22. The mean pre-test knowledge score is 15.2 with a standard deviation of ±3.7. The median score is 15. The post-test knowledge score is 17.8, the standard deviation of ±4.2 and median of 26.
TABLE 3 Frequency and percentage distribution of adolescent girls according to their level of knowledge n = 60
|
|
Pre test |
|
Post test |
|
|
Knowledge score |
Frequency (f) |
(%) |
Frequency (f) |
(%) |
|
Poor |
5 |
8.3 |
0 |
0 |
|
Average |
51 |
85 |
46 |
76.7 |
|
Good |
4 |
6.7 |
14 |
23.3 |
Table 3 shows that in pre test majority (85%) of them have average knowledge, 8.3%have poor knowledge and 6.6% have good knowledge were as in the post test majority of them have average knowledge (76.6%), 23.3% have good knowledge and none of them have poor knowledge.
Comparison of mean pre test and post test knowledge scores:
Significance of difference between pre test and post test knowledge scores of adolescent girls:
In order to find out significance of difference between the mean of pre test and post test knowledge scores, paired test was computed. The data are represented in the table 4.
To test the statistical significance following null hypotheses were stated.
HO1a:
There will be no significant difference between the mean pre test and post test knowledge scores of adolescent girls who have undergone structured teaching programme regarding PCOD.
TABLE 4 Mean, mean difference, paired ‘t’ test of pre test and post test knowledge scores of adolescent girls regarding PCOD. n = 60
|
Knowledge score |
Mean |
Mean difference |
SD difference |
Paired ‘t’ test value |
|
Pre test |
15.3 |
2.5 |
±0.5 |
11.6* |
|
Post test |
17.8 |
t59= 2.0010 ; p < 0.5 * significant.
The data presented in Table 4 shows that, the mean difference between pre test and post test knowledge score is 2.5. This indicates an increase in knowledge scores after undergoing structured teaching programme. To find the significance of gain in knowledge paired‘t’ test value was computed and the obtained value of ‘t’(59) : 11.6 was found to be significant at 0.05 level of significance.
Section 3:
The data presented in table 5 shows that the computed chi-square values for association between pre test knowledge scores of adolescent girls regarding PCOD with their selected demographic variables were found to be not significant at 0.05 level of significance except monthly income, known case of PCOD and previous source of information. So researcher partially reject null hypothesis and partially accept research hypothesis
CONLUSION:
In the present study, the pre test finding showed that most of adolescent girls 51 (85%) are having average knowledge, 5 (8.3%) are having poor knowledge and 4 (6.6%) are having good knowledge regarding PCOD. The post test findings showed that majority of the adolescent girls46 (76.6%) have average knowledge and 14 (23.3%) are having good knowledge regarding PCOD. And none of them have poor knowledge.
The mean difference between the mean pre test and post test knowledge score was 2.5 with the standard deviation difference for 0.5. The paired "t” (59) = 11.6 which was significant at 0.05 level of significance The findings of present study concluded that structured teaching program regarding PCOD was very effective in increasing knowledge of adolescent girls at 0.05 level of significance hence the study gave the evidence that structured teaching programme regarding PCOD can improve knowledge of adolescent girls and it will help to change in their day to day life.
RECOMMENDATIONS:
1. Large scale study can be conducted to generalize the findings
2. A similar study can be conducted by adopting true experimental design.
3. A comparative study can be conducted on knowledge regarding PCOD among nursing and arts college students.
4. A similar survey may be replicated on a large sample for better generalization of results.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT:
This was project conducted by Ms. Namitha Mary Wilson, Ms. Rini Ann Deepak, and Ms. SejinBabu of 4th year BSc nursing students of JSS College of nursing as a part of their requirement.
REFERENCE:
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2. NimoBiam, Bhuvaneshwari. p. International journals of novel research in healthcare and nursing 2015sep-dec;2(3)[66-69].available from URL:www.noveltyjournals.com
3. Hadayat A, Amasha, Manar, Heeba .ISRO journals of nursing and health science 2014jan;3(2)[01-08].available from URL: www.isrojournals.org
4. Sowmya, Philomena Fernandes. Nitte university journals of health science 2013 sep; 3(3) [2249-7110].
5. Katie Colwell, Donna R. university of Saskatchewan 2010dec; 32(5) [453-459].
Received on 09.01.2017 Modified on 14.03.2017
Accepted on 06.05.2017 © A&V Publications all right reserved
Asian J. Nur. Edu. and Research.2017; 7(3): 371-375.
DOI: 10.5958/2349-2996.2017.00074.X